JB/T 9007-2015 Crane Hook Standard Explained
JB/T 9007-2015 "Crane Hooks" is the general product standard for crane hooks. It specifies the classification, technical requirements, test methods, and inspection rules for forged hooks and laminated hooks, serving as an industry-level refinement and supplement to the GB/T 10051 series of hook standards.
JB/T 9007-2015 is the product standard for crane hooks, defining the technical requirements, test methods, and inspection rules for forged hooks and laminated hooks. As the most critical load-attachment device on a crane, the hook's safety and reliability directly impact both personnel safety and equipment integrity during lifting operations.
Hook Types and Construction
JB/T 9007-2015 classifies hooks into two main categories: forged hooks and laminated hooks. Forged hooks are made from 20 steel or 20CrMo steel in a single-piece forging process — the blank is forged to shape, then normalized (to relieve forging stresses), followed by machining and heat treatment. Forged hooks cover a rated load range of 0.5–500 t and are the predominant hook type used on general-purpose cranes.
Laminated hooks are assembled from multiple 20 steel plates that are cut to shape and stacked together — each plate carries the load independently, so the hook assembly remains load-bearing even if one plate fractures (fail-safe design). Laminated hooks are preferred for lifting molten metal and other applications where the consequences of a dropped load are extremely severe. The standard also covers special hook configurations such as C-hooks (for coil handling) and ramshorn hooks (for sling attachment).
Materials and Heat Treatment
Material requirements: Forged hooks are manufactured from 20 steel or 20CrMo steel (carbon content 0.17–0.24%), offering good plasticity and toughness. Laminated hook plates are made from 20 steel plate per GB/T 711. All materials must be supplied with complete mill certificates — chemical composition and mechanical properties must conform to the standard's requirements.
Heat treatment: Forged hook blanks must be normalized (heated to 900–930°C and air-cooled) to eliminate forging stresses and refine the grain structure. Mechanical properties after heat treatment: for 20 steel hooks, tensile strength ≥ 410 MPa, yield strength ≥ 245 MPa, elongation ≥ 25%, and reduction of area ≥ 55%. Laminated hook plates are not heat-treated; they rely on the inherent properties of the base material.
Safety Requirements and In-Service Inspection
Safety technical requirements: The hook safety factor must be ≥ 5 (i.e., the minimum breaking force is five times the rated load). Hooks must be fitted with an anti-drop device (spring clamp plate or tongue-spring type). The hook shank must be capable of 360° rotation (pivot-mounted on the cross beam). The hook surface must be free from cracks, folds, overheating, and other defects.
In-service inspection: Visual inspection of the hook body for deformation or cracks must be performed every shift. A 10× magnifying glass is used weekly to check for fine cracks. Throat opening is measured monthly. Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI) or Ultrasonic Testing (UT) must be carried out at least once a year. Discard criteria: throat opening increased by ≥ 15%, cross-section height worn by more than 10%, any crack present, or twist exceeding 10°. Hooks must not be repaired by welding.
Special Requirements for Laminated Hooks
Additional requirements for laminated hooks: each plate is 6–12 mm thick, with the number of plates determined by the rated load. The gap between adjacent plates must not exceed 0.1 mm (checked with a feeler gauge). Each plate must undergo Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI) before assembly. After assembly, the throat opening deformation under rated load must conform to the design value.
Maintenance of laminated hooks: disassemble and clean the plates every 3 months, inspecting each plate individually for cracks and corrosion. Worn or cracked plates must be replaced individually (replacement plates must match the original material grade and thickness). Apply anti-corrosion grease between plates during reassembly, and tighten bolts to the specified torque. Discard criteria are the same as for forged hooks.
Hook Types
Forged Hook 0.5–500 t
Laminated Hook
Throat Opening
Discard if increased ≥ 15%
Wear Criteria
Cross-section wear > 10%
requires scrapping
Anti-Drop Device
Mandatory on all hooks
Gap ≤ 1/3 of rope diameter
Flaw Detection Frequency
At least once per year
MPI or UT
Twist Limit
Replace if twist exceeds 10°
Kelude Heavy Industry: Overhead & Gantry Crane Solutions
Kelude Heavy Industry specializes in the design and manufacture of industrial overhead cranes and gantry cranes. Our product range covers standard double-girder and single-girder bridge cranes, as well as low-headroom and explosion-proof configurations, all engineered to meet the demands of rigorous industrial environments.
Double-Girder & Single-Girder Overhead Cranes
Our overhead crane series is built for reliable performance and long service life. Double-girder models offer higher lifting capacities and greater hook coverage, while single-girder designs provide a cost-effective solution for lighter duty cycles. All cranes are available with optional features such as variable-frequency drives, remote control operation, and anti-sway technology to enhance precision and safety.
| Type | Capacity Range | Typical Span |
| Single-girder bridge crane | 1 – 20 short tons (0.9 – 18 metric tons) | Up to 100 ft (30 m) |
| Double-girder bridge crane | 5 – 100 short tons (4.5 – 90 metric tons) | Up to 150 ft (45 m) |
For applications requiring maximum hook height or where headroom is limited, our low-headroom double-girder cranes optimize the distance between the hook and the runway beam, making them ideal for low-profile buildings or facilities with existing overhead obstructions.
Gantry Cranes for Heavy-Duty Material Handling
Our gantry crane line includes both full-gantry and semi-gantry configurations, designed for outdoor yards, storage areas, and production floors. These cranes are available with either top-running or under-running trolleys, and can be fitted with a variety of lifting attachments including hooks, grabs, and rotating spreader beams.
For specialized applications, we offer explosion-proof gantry cranes compliant with hazardous area classifications, as well as cranes with IP-rated electrical enclosures for dusty or washdown environments. All gantry cranes are engineered with self-locking mechanisms and anti-sway control to ensure safe, accurate load positioning.
Custom Engineered Crane Solutions
Beyond standard models, Kelude provides custom-engineered cranes tailored to specific process requirements. This includes cranes with extended spans, high-lift configurations, or those designed for integration with automated material handling systems. Our engineering team works closely with clients to develop solutions that meet exact load charts, duty classifications, and site constraints.
All cranes are designed in accordance with ISO 4301 for crane classification and ISO 12480 for safe use, ensuring compliance with international standards. We also offer optional features such as load monitoring systems, anti-collision devices, and remote diagnostics to improve operational efficiency and safety.
After-Sales Support & Spare Parts
Kelude provides comprehensive after-sales support, including installation supervision, operator training, and a readily available stock of spare parts. Our service network responds quickly to minimize downtime, and we offer maintenance contracts tailored to your equipment usage. For any crane model, we can supply original replacement parts such as hoists, wheels, brakes, and electrical components.
For pricing or a detailed quotation, please contact our sales team. We typically respond within 24 hours on business days.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the lead time for a standard single-girder crane?
A: For standard models up to 10 short tons, lead time is typically 4-6 weeks from order confirmation. Custom engineered cranes may require 8-12 weeks depending on complexity.
Q: Do you provide installation services overseas?
A: Yes, we offer worldwide installation supervision. Our technicians can travel to your site to oversee assembly and commissioning, or we can provide detailed installation manuals for your own crew.
Q: Can your cranes be adapted for explosive atmospheres?
A: Absolutely. We supply explosion-proof cranes with appropriate motor and electrical classifications, fully compliant with IEC 60204-32. Please specify your hazardous area zone when requesting a quote.
Q: What is the warranty period?
A: We offer a standard 12-month warranty covering defects in materials and workmanship, with extended warranty options available upon request.
Q: How do I determine the right crane capacity for my application?
A: Consider the heaviest load you will lift, including the weight of any lifting attachment. Also factor in duty cycle and lifting height. Our engineering team can assist you with a load analysis and recommend the appropriate crane class per ISO 4301.
Q: Do you supply spare parts for older crane models?
A: Yes, we maintain a comprehensive spare parts inventory for all crane models we have produced over the past 20 years. Contact us with your crane serial number for a parts list.
Q: Can you provide a crane with a remote control?
A: Yes, all our cranes can be equipped with radio remote controls or pendant stations. We offer both standard and customizable control options to suit your operational needs.
| Type | Forged Hook | Laminated Hook |
|---|---|---|
| manufacturing process | Monobloc Forging | Multi-section Steel Plate Modular |
| Safety Features | Structural Integrity | Single-section Fracture Residual Load Capacity |
| applicable tonnage | 0.5~500t | large tonnage/Molten Metal |
| maintenance Duty Cycle | Light | Heavy(Section-by-Section Replacementinspection) |
| Cost | Medium | High |
FAQ: Crane Hook Inspection & Maintenance
Q: What are the common failure modes and discard criteria for crane hooks?
A: 1) Plastic deformation — discard when the throat opening increases by 15% or more; 2) Cracks — any crack requires immediate scrapping, and welding repairs are not permitted; 3) Wear — discard when cross-section height wear at the hook body exceeds 10% of the original dimension; 4) Torsion — replace when rotation along the axis exceeds 10°. Magnetic Particle Inspection (MPI) is mandatory at least once a year.
Q: What is the difference between forged hooks and laminated hooks?
A: Forged hooks offer superior structural integrity, longer fatigue life, and consistent quality — making them suitable for general-purpose cranes (0.5–500t). Laminated hooks are built from multiple steel plates; if a single plate fractures, the remaining plates still carry the load (fail-safe design). This makes them the preferred choice for critical applications such as lifting and transporting molten metal, where the consequences of a dropped load are severe. Laminated hooks are a mandatory requirement for ladle cranes.
Q: What are the requirements for the anti-drop device on crane hooks?
A: Every crane hook must be equipped with an anti-drop device (spring clamp plate or tongue-spring type). When closed, the gap between the device and the hook tip must not exceed one-third of the wire rope diameter. Spring tension should be properly adjusted — too little tension leaves the latch insecure, while too much tension hampers hooking operations. A hook with a damaged or missing anti-drop device must not be used.
Q: What does the daily inspection of crane hooks cover, and how often is it performed?
A: Visual inspection of the hook body and throat for deformation or cracks, checking the anti-drop device for integrity, and verifying smooth hook rotation — all performed on a per-shift basis. A 10x magnifying glass is used weekly to detect hairline cracks and to measure the throat opening. Monthly inspection covers the connection components between the hook and the pulley block. Magnetic Particle or Ultrasonic Testing (UT) is required at least once a year.
