GB/T 6974.6-2008 is the section of the crane terminology standard covering railway cranes, specifying the dedicated terms and definitions for this equipment category. Railway cranes are specialized lifting appliances that run on railway tracks and perform lifting operations in railway transport and infrastructure construction. Standardized terminology plays a fundamental role in industry communication and technical development for this equipment type.

---

Railway Crane Classifications

GB/T 6974.6-2008 defines terminology covering two primary types of railway cranes: Railway recovery cranes — used for accident recovery operations (re-railing of derailed, overturned, or collided rolling stock), with a lifting capacity of 80–250 t, requiring high capacity and off-track mobility (capable of operating on the rail bed and adjacent ground). Railway construction cranes — used for railway construction and maintenance (bridge erection, track laying, overhead line installation, etc.), with a lifting capacity of 16–80 t.

By travel mode, railway cranes are classified as: Self-propelled railway cranes — equipped with their own power source (diesel engine) for independent travel on rails, with a self-travel speed of ≤80 km/h for convenient relocation. Towed railway cranes — without an onboard power source, requiring a railway locomotive to tow them to the worksite. By boom type, they are classified as telescopic boom type (rapid boom length adjustment, flexible operation) and lattice boom type (superior structural rigidity and stable lifting performance).

Main Technical Parameters

Key terms and parameters defined in the standard: Rated lifting capacity — the maximum safe working load of a railway crane at minimum working radius with outriggers fully extended. Working radius — the horizontal distance from the hook center to the slewing centerline. Load moment — lifting capacity × working radius, a critical parameter for evaluating the hoisting capability of a railway crane. Outrigger span — the transverse distance between the centerlines of two outriggers when fully deployed.

Self-travel speed — the maximum speed at which a railway crane can travel under its own power (generally ≤80 km/h). Clearance gauge — the overall dimensions of a railway crane in non-working condition must comply with the GB 146.1 rolling stock clearance gauge standard (height ≤4800 mm, width ≤3400 mm). Drawbar pull — the maximum allowable towing force when a towed railway crane is hauled by a locomotive.

Stability Requirements

When operating on a standard railway track gauge (1435 mm), lateral stability is the core safety indicator for railway cranes. The stability requirements specified in the standard are: under the combined condition of maximum lifting capacity and maximum working radius, the stabilizing moment must be ≥ overturning moment × 1.4 (with wind) or × 1.25 (without wind). The outrigger span design must ensure overall machine stability under the most unfavorable operating conditions.

Railway cranes must also account for the load-bearing capacity of the rail foundation — outrigger reaction forces must not exceed the design load-bearing capacity of the railway subgrade. When operating on soft ground, outrigger mats (load-spreading plates) should be placed beneath the outriggers to distribute reaction forces. The center of gravity height of a railway crane must satisfy railway vehicle stability requirements — when negotiating curves, the unbalanced centrifugal acceleration must be ≤0.6 m/s².

Safety Devices and Inspection

Mandatory safety devices include: load limiter, load moment limiter (LML), outrigger condition monitoring (hoisting and luffing movements are restricted when outriggers are not fully extended), spirit level (to monitor the levelness of the entire machine), and anemometer (alarm at wind force ≥6). The outrigger hydraulic system of a railway crane must be equipped with dual hydraulic lock valves to prevent unintended outrigger retraction.

Inspection requirements: Factory Acceptance Test — no-load test, rated load test (verifying the function and stability of all mechanisms), and 1.25× static load test. Type test — includes fatigue life testing and long-distance travel testing. Annual inspection — a comprehensive inspection performed once per year, including structural flaw detection, performance testing of all mechanisms, and stability verification. Overhaul cycle — a major overhaul is required every 10 years or after 200,000 km of operation. Kelude Heavy Industry can provide related products and technical services.

Kelude Heavy Industry: Overhead & Gantry Crane Solutions

Kelude Heavy Industry specializes in the design and manufacture of heavy-duty overhead cranes, gantry cranes, and electric hoists. Our equipment is engineered for demanding industrial environments, offering reliable performance, advanced safety features, and long service life. From single-girder and double-girder bridge cranes to explosion-proof and low-headroom configurations, we provide tailored solutions to meet your specific material handling needs.

Custom Engineered Cranes for Every Application

Our product range covers a wide spectrum of lifting capacities and configurations, ensuring we can match the right crane to your operational requirements. Whether you need a compact electric hoist for a workshop or a large-capacity double-girder crane for heavy steel fabrication, our team delivers robust, high-performance equipment. We focus on optimizing your workflow with features like precise speed control, smooth operation, and minimal maintenance downtime.

Common Crane Types	Typical Applications
Single-Girder Bridge Crane	Light to medium duty, workshops, maintenance bays
Double-Girder Bridge Crane	Heavy duty, high capacity, steel mills, fabrication shops
Gantry Crane	Outdoor yards, storage areas, precast concrete plants
Electric Wire Rope Hoist	General lifting, integration into overhead cranes

Key Features & Safety Systems

Safety and reliability are at the core of our crane designs. We integrate multiple protection mechanisms to safeguard both personnel and equipment. Standard features include overload protection, emergency stop functions, and limit switches. For specialized environments, we offer explosion-proof configurations compliant with international standards, as well as advanced anti-sway technology for precise load positioning.

• Overload Protection: Prevents operation beyond rated capacity.
• Emergency Stop: Readily accessible for immediate shutdown.
• Variable Frequency Drive (VFD): Ensures smooth acceleration and deceleration.
• Anti-Sway Control: Minimizes load swing for enhanced safety and efficiency.
• Explosion-Proof Options: Certified for hazardous areas (e.g., IEC 60204-32).

Design Standards & Compliance

All Kelude cranes are designed and manufactured in strict accordance with international standards. We adhere to ISO 4301 for crane classification and ISO 12480 for safe use, ensuring our equipment meets global safety and performance benchmarks. Our electrical systems comply with IEC 60204-32, and our terminology follows ISO 4306. This commitment to standards guarantees a high level of quality, safety, and interchangeability.

After-Sales Support & Service

We believe in building long-term partnerships with our clients. Our comprehensive after-sales service includes installation supervision, operator training, preventive maintenance programs, and rapid spare parts availability. Our global service network ensures that expert assistance is always within reach, minimizing downtime and maximizing your return on investment.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the typical lead time for a custom overhead crane?
A: Lead times vary depending on the crane's complexity and specifications. Generally, standard models can be delivered within 6-8 weeks, while custom-engineered solutions may take 12-16 weeks. We provide a detailed schedule upon project confirmation.

Q: Do you provide installation services?
A: Yes, we offer professional installation services by our trained technicians or through our certified local partners. We ensure proper setup, testing, and commissioning to guarantee safe and immediate operation.

Q: Can your cranes be adapted for explosion-proof environments?
A: Absolutely. We offer explosion-proof crane configurations designed to meet stringent safety requirements for hazardous locations, complying with standards like IEC 60204-32. Please provide your specific area classification for a tailored solution.

Q: What is your warranty policy?
A: We provide a standard 12-month warranty on all our cranes, covering defects in materials and workmanship. Extended warranty options and service contracts are also available upon request.

Q: How do I determine the right crane capacity for my needs?
A: Our engineering team can assist you in calculating the required capacity based on your heaviest loads, duty cycle, and lifting height. We consider all factors to recommend the most efficient and cost-effective solution.

Q: Do you offer spare parts for older models?
A: Yes, we maintain an extensive inventory of spare parts for our cranes. We aim to provide long-term support for all models we have manufactured, ensuring your equipment remains operational.

Q: Can you customize the crane controls?
A: Yes, we offer various control options including pendant stations, wireless remote controls, and cabin operation. We can also integrate advanced features like load monitoring systems and automated positioning.

Q: What are the maintenance requirements for your cranes?
A: Regular maintenance is crucial for safe and reliable operation. We provide a detailed maintenance manual with your crane, and we recommend periodic inspections by qualified personnel. Our service team can also set up a preventive maintenance schedule for you.

Q: How does your anti-sway system work?
A: Our anti-sway system uses a combination of sensors and control algorithms to automatically dampen load swing during trolley and bridge movement. This allows for faster, safer, and more precise load positioning, especially in high-speed applications.

Q: What is the maximum span you can manufacture?
A: The maximum span depends on the crane type and capacity. For double-girder cranes, we can manufacture spans up to 40 meters (131 feet) or more for special applications. Contact us with your specific requirements for a feasibility assessment.

Q: Do you provide cranes that meet specific regional standards?
A: Yes, our cranes are designed to comply with major international standards including ISO, IEC, and can be adapted to meet local regulations such as OSHA or specific European directives. We ensure full compliance with the standards applicable in your region.

Q: Can your gantry cranes be used outdoors in harsh weather?
A: Absolutely. We offer gantry cranes specifically designed for outdoor service, with features like weatherproof enclosures, corrosion-resistant coatings, and appropriate wind load calculations to ensure safe operation in various climatic conditions.

Q: What kind of after-sales training do you provide?
A: We provide comprehensive operator and maintenance training at your site or at our facility. Training covers safe operating procedures, routine maintenance tasks, and troubleshooting to ensure your team is fully competent.

Q: How can I request a quotation?
A: You can request a quotation by contacting us through our website or email. Please provide your detailed requirements, including capacity, span, lifting height, and any specific features or standards. Our sales team will respond with a competitive quote promptly.

Q: What is your policy on custom modifications?
A: We welcome custom modifications to meet unique application needs. Our engineering team will review your requirements and provide a solution that balances performance, safety, and cost. We ensure all modifications are fully documented and tested.

Q: Do you offer financing options?
A: We can provide information on financing options through our partners. Please discuss your needs with our sales team, and we will explore the best financial solution for your investment.

Q: What is the lifespan of your cranes?
A: With proper maintenance and operation, our cranes are designed for a long service life, typically exceeding 20-30 years. The actual lifespan depends on the duty cycle, environment, and adherence to maintenance schedules.

Q: Can you integrate your cranes with existing factory automation systems?
A: Yes, we can integrate our cranes with your existing automation systems, including PLCs, SCADA, and other control networks. This allows for seamless material flow and enhanced productivity.

Q: How do you ensure the quality of your cranes?
A: We have a rigorous quality control process that includes inspection of raw materials, in-process checks, and final load testing before delivery. Our manufacturing facilities are ISO 9001 certified, ensuring consistent quality.

Q: What is the price range for a standard 10-ton overhead crane?
A: The price for a standard 10-ton single-girder overhead crane typically starts from around $15,000, depending on span, height, and features. For a precise quote, please provide your specific requirements.

Q: Do you have a distributor in the United States or Europe?
A: Yes, we have a network of distributors and service partners across North America and Europe. Please contact us for the contact details of your local representative.

Q: Can you provide references from existing customers?
A: Yes, we can provide references upon request. We have a strong track record of successful installations across various industries globally.

Q: What is the minimum order quantity?
A: There is no minimum order quantity for standard products. For custom-engineered cranes, we typically work on a project basis, and the order quantity is discussed during the quotation phase.

Q: How do you handle shipping and logistics?
A: We handle all aspects of shipping and logistics, ensuring your crane is delivered safely and on time. We use experienced freight forwarders for both domestic and international shipments.

Q: What are the payment terms?
A: Our standard payment terms are 30% advance payment with the order and 70% before shipment. Other terms may be considered based on the project value and your credit history.

Q: Do you provide a certificate of conformity?
A: Yes, we provide a Certificate of Conformity with every crane, certifying that the equipment meets all relevant standards and specifications.

Q: Can you manufacture cranes with special paint colors?
A: Yes, we can paint the crane in your specified RAL color. Please indicate your preference during the quotation process.

Q: What is the noise level of your cranes?
A: Our cranes are designed to operate with low-noise levels, typically below 80 dB(A) at the operator's position, depending on the configuration and components used.

Q: Do you offer remote monitoring and diagnostics?
A: Yes, we offer optional remote monitoring systems that allow for real-time diagnostics and predictive maintenance, helping to prevent unexpected downtime.

Q: How do I choose between a single-girder and double-girder crane?
A: The choice depends on your lifting capacity, span, and headroom requirements. Single-girder cranes are more cost-effective for lighter loads and smaller spans, while double-girder cranes offer higher capacity, greater hook height, and are better suited for heavy-duty applications.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special lifting height?
A: Yes, we can design cranes with custom lifting heights to suit your building structure and operational needs. Please provide your maximum required hook height.

Q: What is the duty cycle of your cranes?
A: Our cranes are available in various duty classes (e.g., ISO 4301 M3 to M8) to match your specific application intensity. We can help you select the appropriate duty class for your operations.

Q: Do you provide cranes for cleanroom environments?
A: Yes, we can manufacture cranes with special features for cleanroom applications, including stainless steel components, special lubrication, and sealed enclosures to minimize particle generation.

Q: Can your cranes be used in high-temperature environments?
A: Yes, we offer cranes designed for high-temperature environments, with features like heat-resistant motors, special insulation, and cooling systems to ensure reliable operation.

Q: What is the maximum lifting speed?
A: Lifting speed varies based on capacity and application. Standard speeds range from 2 to 10 meters per minute (7 to 33 feet per minute). We can customize speeds for specific requirements.

Q: Do you offer a mobile app for crane control?
A: We are developing a mobile app for remote monitoring and basic control functions. Please contact us for the latest availability.

Q: How do I contact technical support?
A: You can reach our technical support team via email or phone. Our contact details are available on our website. We offer support in multiple languages.

Q: What is your policy on intellectual property?
A: We respect intellectual property rights and ensure that all our designs are original. We also protect our own innovations through patents where applicable.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special span?
A: Yes, we can manufacture cranes with custom spans to fit your building columns or work area. Please provide your exact span requirement.

Q: Do you offer a trial or rental program?
A: We generally do not offer rental programs, but we can discuss a trial installation for evaluation purposes on a case-by-case basis.

Q: What is the lead time for spare parts?
A: Standard spare parts are typically shipped within 24-48 hours. Custom or specialized parts may take longer, depending on availability.

Q: How do I ensure my crane remains compliant with safety regulations?
A: We provide documentation and guidance to help you maintain compliance with relevant safety standards. Regular inspections and adherence to our maintenance recommendations are key.

Q: Can you upgrade an existing crane?
A: Yes, we offer upgrade solutions for existing cranes, including modernization of controls, safety systems, and mechanical components to improve performance and extend service life.

Q: What is the maximum capacity of your gantry cranes?
A: Our gantry cranes can be designed for capacities up to 100 tons or more, depending on the application and configuration. Please contact us with your specific requirements.

Q: Do you provide cranes for container handling?
A: Yes, we offer specialized gantry cranes for container handling, including RTGs (Rubber-Tired Gantry) and RMGs (Rail-Mounted Gantry) for port and intermodal terminals.

Q: Can you integrate a weighing system into the crane?
A: Yes, we can integrate load cells and weighing systems into the crane hook or trolley, providing accurate weight readings during lifting operations.

Q: What is the power supply requirement?
A: Our cranes typically operate on standard three-phase power supplies (e.g., 380V/50Hz or 480V/60Hz). We can customize the electrical system to match your local power supply.

Q: Do you offer a remote diagnostic service?
A: Yes, we offer remote diagnostic services where our engineers can connect to the crane's control system to troubleshoot issues and provide guidance, reducing downtime.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special paint finish?
A: Yes, we offer various paint finishes, including epoxy and polyurethane coatings for enhanced corrosion resistance. Please specify your requirements.

Q: What is the warranty on electrical components?
A: The warranty on electrical components is typically 12 months, same as the mechanical parts. We use high-quality components from reputable manufacturers.

Q: How do I become a distributor?
A: We are always looking for qualified distributors. Please contact us through our website with your company details and experience in the material handling industry.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special control voltage?
A: Yes, we can design the control system to operate on various voltages, including 24V, 110V, or 220V, to meet your safety and operational requirements.

Q: What is the maximum wind speed for outdoor crane operation?
A: The maximum wind speed for safe operation depends on the crane type and configuration. Typically, cranes are designed to operate up to 20 m/s (45 mph) and withstand higher wind speeds when not in use. We provide specific wind load data with your crane.

Q: Do you offer a crane with a double hoist?
A: Yes, we can design cranes with two hoists on the same trolley or with an auxiliary hoist for handling lighter loads at higher speeds.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special hook height?
A: Yes, we can customize the hook height to meet your specific building and operational requirements. Please provide your maximum required hook height.

Q: What is the standard color for your cranes?
A: Our standard color is RAL 1007 (yellow) for the main structure and RAL 9005 (black) for the hoist. However, we can paint the crane in any RAL color you specify.

Q: Do you provide a crane with a special duty cycle?
A: Yes, we can design cranes for specific duty cycles (e.g., continuous operation) by selecting appropriate components and cooling systems. Please provide your duty cycle details.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special control system?
A: Yes, we offer various control systems, including relay logic, PLC-based, and advanced microprocessor controls with diagnostic capabilities. We can customize the system to your preferences.

Q: What is the maximum lifting capacity of your electric hoists?
A: Our electric wire rope hoists are available in capacities up to 50 tons. For higher capacities, we typically use double-girder cranes with specialized hoists.

Q: Do you offer a crane with a special span and capacity combination?
A: Yes, we can design cranes with virtually any combination of span and capacity within engineering limits. Our team will work with you to find the optimal solution.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special lifting speed?
A: Yes, we can customize the lifting speed to match your specific process requirements. We offer both variable speed and fixed speed options.

Q: What is the standard warranty period?
A: Our standard warranty period is 12 months from the date of commissioning. We also offer extended warranty options for additional coverage.

Q: Do you provide a crane with a special power supply frequency?
A: Yes, we can design the electrical system to operate on different frequencies (e.g., 50Hz or 60Hz) to match your local power grid.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special control voltage for the pendant?
A: Yes, we can supply pendants with low control voltages (e.g., 24V) for enhanced safety, or with higher voltages if required.

Q: What is the maximum span for a single-girder crane?
A: The maximum span for a single-girder crane is typically around 30 meters (98 feet). For longer spans, a double-girder design is usually more economical and stable.

Q: Do you offer a crane with a special hook path?
A: Yes, we can design cranes with specific hook paths, including circular or curved paths, using specialized trolley and rail systems.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special paint system for marine environments?
A: Yes, we offer marine-grade paint systems with high corrosion resistance, including zinc-rich primers and polyurethane topcoats, suitable for offshore or coastal environments.

Q: What is the maximum lifting height for your cranes?
A: The maximum lifting height depends on the crane type and configuration. For standard cranes, lifting heights up to 30 meters (98 feet) are common. Custom designs can achieve higher lifts.

Q: Do you provide a crane with a special rail size?
A: Yes, we can design the crane to run on specific rail sizes (e.g., P24, P38, QU70) to match your existing runway system.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special wheel configuration?
A: Yes, we can customize the wheel arrangement and design to suit your runway and load distribution requirements.

Q: What is the standard wheel diameter?
A: The wheel diameter varies based on the crane capacity and rail size. We calculate the optimal wheel diameter to ensure proper load distribution and long wheel life.

Q: Do you offer a crane with a special buffer system?
A: Yes, we offer various buffer systems, including rubber, polyurethane, and hydraulic buffers, to absorb energy at the end of travel.

Q: Can you provide a crane with a special lighting system?
A: Yes, we can install work lights on the crane for improved visibility in low-light conditions. Options include LED floodlights.

<!--

FAQ