GB/T 28264-2017 Safety Monitoring System for Lifting Appliances
Key Points GB/T 28264-2017 "Safety Monitoring and Management System for Lifting Appliances" specifies the system architecture, technical requirements, test methods, and inspection rules for safety monitoring and management systems used on cranes. ① Three-tier system architecture: sensor layer (sensing), monitoring host layer (control), and display/recording layer (output); ② Nine mandatory monitored parameters: lifting capacity, lifting height, travel distance, wind speed, skew, rail clamp status, wind-resistant anti-slip device, interlock protection, and fault self-check; ③ Historical data storage ≥ 720 hours with remote transmission interface; ④ The standard applies to bridge cranes with rated capacity ≥ 10 t, gantry cranes ≥ 20 t, and other cranes requiring safety monitoring. Kelude Heavy Industry's safety monitoring system has passed GB/T 28264 type certification and supports 4G remote transmission and cloud platform integration.
Scope and Applicability of the Standard
GB/T 28264-2017, published in 2017, supersedes the 2012 edition. The standard applies to the following crane types: ① bridge cranes with rated lifting capacity ≥ 10 t; ② gantry cranes (including unloading bridges) with rated lifting capacity ≥ 20 t; ③ tower cranes with rated lifting capacity ≥ 40 t; ④ other crane types may reference this standard for compliance. The system must provide nine monitoring functions: lifting capacity monitoring, height limit monitoring, travel limit monitoring, wind speed monitoring (outdoor units), skew monitoring (for large-span cranes), rail clamp/anchoring status monitoring, wind-resistant anti-slip device monitoring, interlock protection monitoring, and fault self-check.
Data Recording and Storage Requirements
GB/T 28264-2017 requires the safety monitoring system to record at least the following data: operating hours, cumulative number of working cycles, action counts for each mechanism, lifting capacity, load moment, travel distance, wind speed (outdoor units), fault codes, and operator identification. The data recording unit (black box) must provide storage capacity for at least 72 hours of continuous operational data, with data retention of ≥ 72 hours after power loss. The Kelude SMCS-3000 monitoring system comes standard with a 256 GB industrial-grade storage card, capable of recording more than one year of operational data, with USB export and remote data query capabilities.
Data Sampling Frequency Requirements: Load and torque sensors must sample at a frequency of ≥ 10 Hz, travel and speed detection at ≥ 5 Hz, and fault signal response within 0.5 seconds. Alarm records must include a timestamp (accurate to the second) and alarm type. The Kelude monitoring system also offers cloud-based data backup, meeting the extended management requirements of GB/T 28264.
Three-Tier System Architecture
1. Sensor Layer (Sensing Layer)
The sensor layer is responsible for collecting all operational parameters of the crane. Load sensors use pressure or tension load cells installed at the hook block or drum bearing housing. Lifting height is detected through a dual system combining limit switches and encoders. Travel sensors are mounted at the crane bridge and trolley ends. The anemometer is installed at the highest point of the crane to avoid obstruction. Skew sensors are used on large-span gantry cranes to detect outrigger deflection. The Kelude safety monitoring system comes standard with high-precision sensors (combined error for lifting capacity ≤ ±2%, exceeding the national standard of ±5%).
2. Monitoring Host Layer (Control Layer)
The monitoring host is the core control unit of the system, responsible for sensor signal acquisition, logic processing, alarm output, and control shutdown. When monitored parameters exceed preset thresholds: ① an audible and visual alarm is triggered (buzzer + red indicator light); ② the power supply to the corresponding mechanism is automatically cut off (e.g., hoisting circuit on overload, travel circuit on limit switch activation). The monitoring host features a self-check function that automatically alerts the operator in the event of sensor or communication faults.
3. Display and Recording Layer (Output Layer)
An LCD color touch screen (HMI) displays real-time values and status of all monitored parameters. Historical data storage ≥ 720 hours (30 days), allowing query of duty cycle data for any time period. The system is equipped with USB and Ethernet interfaces for local data export and remote transmission. The Kelude safety monitoring system offers an optional 4G module for uploading data to a cloud platform, enabling remote supervision and device management.
Detailed Breakdown of the 9 Mandatory Monitoring Functions
| No. | Monitoring Item | alarm threshold | Control Braking Operation | Sensorconfiguration |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lifting Capacity | ≥110%Alarm/≥130%Cut-off | Cut-off Hoisting / Lifting Circuit | Pressure/Pullforce sensor |
| 2 | Lifting Height | Distance Upper Limit≤200mm | Cut-off Hoisting / Lifting Hoisting Circuit | Limit switch/Encoder |
| 3 | travel distance | Distance Buffer stop≥1.5m(Crane Bridge) | Cut-off Travel Circuit | travel limit switch |
| 4 | Wind Speed(Outdoor) | ≥6Level Alarm/≥8Level Shutdown | Cut-off All Machine Power Supply | Anemometer |
| 5 | Skew | Skew Exceedancedesign value | Cut-off Travel Circuit | Skew Sensor |
| 6~9 | Rail clamp/anchoring/interlock/Self-check | Status Fault Alarm | Restricted Operation | Limit switch/Sensor |
System Selection & Configuration Guide
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Which cranes are required to have a safety monitoring system?
A: GB/T 28264 requires safety monitoring systems on overhead-type cranes rated ≥10 t, gantry-type cranes rated ≥20 t, and tower cranes rated ≥40 t. However, Kelude recommends retrofitting all outdoor cranes regardless of tonnage to simplify device management and improve safety supervision.
Q: What's the difference between a safety monitoring system and an overload limiter?
A: An overload limiter is just one sub-function within a safety monitoring system. The Safety Monitoring and Management System is far more comprehensive: in addition to overload protection, it monitors height, stroke, wind speed, skew, rail clamp status, and more — plus it provides data recording and remote transmission capabilities.
Q: Can an existing crane be retrofitted with a safety monitoring system?
A: Yes. Kelude offers retrofit services for in-service cranes, covering sensor installation, main unit mounting, display screen setup, and cable routing. After retrofitting, the system must be recalibrated and pass type testing.
Q: How long is data stored? Can it be exported?
A: The standard requires a minimum of 720 hours of storage; Kelude systems come standard with ≥8,760 hours (one year). Data can be exported via USB in Excel or CSV format, and historical trend curves can be viewed remotely through the Cloud Platform.
The above is a standard interpretation of GB/T 28264-2017 Safety Monitoring and Management System for lifting appliances. Kelude's Safety Monitoring System has passed inspection and certification, with accuracy exceeding national standard requirements (combined error ≤±2%), and optional 4G remote transmission. For a configuration solution tailored to your needs, please contact the Kelude technical team.
