JB/T 10214-2014 Conical Rotor Motor for Electric Hoists
JB/T 10218-2014 "Cone Rotor Motors for Electric Hoists" is the product standard governing cone rotor motors specifically designed for electric hoists. This standard defines the classification, technical requirements, test methods, and inspection rules for these motors, and is applicable to the hoisting and travel motors used in CD1 and MD1 series wire rope electric hoists.
Motor Design and Operating Principle
The stator and rotor cores of a cone rotor motor are both conical in shape, with a taper ratio of 1:10 to 1:15. When power is applied, the magnetic flux generates an axial magnetic pull that overcomes the spring force, allowing the rotor to move axially while the brake disengages. When power is cut off, the spring force pushes the rotor back and the brake engages. This integrated motor-and-brake design delivers a compact structure. The brake clearance is typically 0.3–0.6 mm and is adjusted via the adjusting bolts on the rear end cover.
The taper design of the cone rotor motor (1:10 to 1:15) is what makes the axial magnetic pull possible. If the taper is too small, the axial magnetic pull is insufficient to overcome the spring force and disengage the brake. If the taper is too large, the rotor core becomes difficult to machine and ventilation and heat dissipation suffer. When energized, the stator flux produces an axial force component in the conical air gap that pulls the rotor toward the stator, compressing the brake spring and releasing the brake.
Brake maintenance is a key part of routine care for cone rotor motors. The optimal brake clearance range is 0.3–0.6 mm. If the clearance is too small (below 0.3 mm), the brake does not fully disengage, and the motor runs against the brake for extended periods, leading to overheating and burnout. If the clearance is too large (above 0.6 mm), the braking stroke exceeds its limit, and the load drop under rated load can exceed 100 mm.
Technical Parameters and Maintenance
The standard specifies Insulation Class F (155°C) and IP54 Protection. The power range is 0.2–30 kW. Braking torque must be at least 1.5 times the rated capacity. Brake linings must not contain asbestos, and should be replaced when wear exceeds 50% of the original thickness. Common faults include incomplete brake disengagement (leading to motor overheating and burnout), insufficient braking torque (caused by brake ring wear), and abnormal noise (indicating bearing damage).
Axial Magnetic Pull
Full Series
Adjusting Bolts
Rated Capacity
IP54 Protection
r/min
| Motor Model | Power(k W) | Current(A) | Brake Clearance(mm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZDY-0.2 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.3~0.6 |
| ZDY-0.4 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.3~0.6 |
| ZDY-0.8 | 0.8 | 2.2 | 0.3~0.6 |
| ZDY-1.5 | 1.5 | 4.0 | 0.3~0.6 |
| ZDY-3.0 | 3.0 | 7.5 | 0.3~0.6 |
Common cone rotor motor faults and troubleshooting methods: Motor fails to start — check the power supply and whether the brake is stuck; motor overheating — check if the brake clearance is too small or if the fan blades are damaged; insufficient braking torque — inspect brake ring wear and spring tension; abnormal noise — check for worn motor bearings or damaged gears. Periodic maintenance can significantly extend motor service life.
The cone rotor motor's Insulation Class F permits a maximum operating temperature of 155°C, with the motor winding temperature rise not exceeding 105K under rated conditions. The IP54 Protection Rating guards against typical workshop dust and water splashes; however, in high-temperature, dust-laden environments such as steel smelting and casting, a motor with IP55 or higher protection is recommended, along with enhanced cooling ventilation. Motor bearings are lubricated with lithium-based Grease, to be replenished every 2,000 operating hours.
Testing and Inspection
Routine tests are performed unit by unit — No-Load Test (minimum 5 full operating cycles), brake test (Braking torque ≥ 1.5× rated torque), Rated Load Test (100% SWL) with brake slip distance ≤ 100 mm, and insulation test (≥ 1 MΩ). Type tests are conducted every two years and include damp-heat and vibration tests.
| inspection items | technical requirements | Cycle | Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| No-Load Test | ≥5Times | factory | Visual |
| brake test | Torque≥1.5Times (Multiplier) | factory | Torque Testing |
| rated load | load drop≤100mm | factory | Measurement |
| insulation test | ≥1MΩ | Semi-annual | 500VMegohmmeter (Insulation Tester) |
Kelude offers cone rotor motors in a full range of specifications.
FAQ
Q: What are the structural features of a cone rotor motor?
A: Both the stator and rotor are conical (taper 1:10 to 1:15). When energized, axial magnetic force pulls the rotor to disengage the brake; when de-energized, spring force pushes the rotor back and the brake engages. The motor and brake are integrated into a single unit.
Q: How do you adjust the brake clearance on a conical rotor motor?
A: Adjust the bolts on the rear end cover. Standard clearance is 0.3–0.6 mm, checked with a feeler gauge. After adjustment, run brake tests at no-load and at rated load — no-load drop ≤5 mm, full-load drop ≤100 mm.
Q: What are the insulation and protection ratings of a conical rotor motor?
A: Insulation Class F (155°C) and IP54 Protection as standard. For high-temperature environments such as smelting and foundries, Insulation Class H (180°C) is required. For dusty environments, upgrade to IP55 or higher.
Q: What are common faults in conical rotor motors?
A: Brake fails to fully disengage (causing motor overheating and burnout due to insufficient clearance or oil contamination), weak braking torque (worn brake ring), and abnormal noise (damaged bearings or worn gears).
